On 24 August 2017 the Indian Supreme Court delivered a landmark verdict affirming the right to privacy as a fundamental right, overruling previous judgments on the issue. The court also limited the scope of the programme and reaffirmed the voluntary nature of the identity number in other rulings. On 23 September 2013, the Supreme Court issued an interim order saying that 'no person should suffer for not getting Aadhaar', adding that the government cannot deny a service to a resident who does not possess Aadhaar, as it is voluntary and not mandatory. Īadhaar is the subject of several rulings by the Supreme Court of India. On 11 March 2016, the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016, was passed in the Lok Sabha. On 3 March 2016, a money bill was introduced in the Parliament to give legislative backing to Aadhaar. Prior to the enactment of the Act, the UIDAI had functioned, since 28 January 2009, as an attached office of the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog). In June 2017, the Home Ministry clarified that Aadhaar is not a valid identification document for Indians travelling to Nepal and Bhutan. Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer described Aadhaar as 'the most sophisticated ID programme in the world'. Īadhaar is the world's largest biometric ID system.

The data is collected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January 2009 by the Government of India, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, following the provisions of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016. 'base, foundation') is a 12-digit unique identity number that can be obtained voluntarily by the citizens of India and resident foreign nationals who have spent over 182 days in twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment, based on their biometric and demographic data. Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)įurther demographic updates cost ₹50 (63¢ US) and biometric updates cost ₹100 (US$1.30).Īadhaar ( Hindi: ādhār, lit.

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